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15. Body Fluids And Circulation

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Part of NCERT 11 Biology

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prerequisite

Quick Ready Check

Are you ready to learn about blood and circulation?

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Before We Start: Do You Know These?
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overview

Why Do We Need Blood?

Understanding the transport challenge in living organisms

Why Do We Need Blood?

Every living cell in your body needs:

  • Nutrients (food) to work
  • Oxygen (O2O_2) to produce energy
  • Waste removal (like CO2CO_2) to stay healthy

But most cells are deep inside your body. How do they get what they need?

The Transport Problem: Billions of cells need constant delivery and waste pickup!

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terms

Master the Vocabulary

Essential blood terminology you need to know

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concept

Blood: The Liquid Tissue

Understanding blood composition and plasma

Blood: A Special Connective Tissue

Blood is classified as a connective tissue. Why?

  • It has cells (like other tissues)
  • But the cells float in a liquid matrix called plasma
  • It connects all parts of the body through transport

Blood has TWO main components:

  1. Plasma (55%) - the liquid part
  2. Formed elements (45%) - the cells and cell fragments
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visual

Blood Composition

See what blood is made of at a glance

Pie chart showing blood composition: 55% plasma (straw colored) and 45% formed elements (red), with detailed breakdown of plasma proteins and formed elements types
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Blood is 55% liquid (plasma) and 45% cells. The plasma itself is mostly water (90-92%) with proteins making up 6-8%.

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concept

Formed Elements: The Cells

RBCs, WBCs, and Platelets - what they do

Formed Elements of Blood

Formed elements = cells and cell fragments in blood

They make up 45% of blood volume.

Three types:

  1. Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells - RBCs)
  2. Leucocytes (White Blood Cells - WBCs)
  3. Platelets (Thrombocytes)

Each has a special job!

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anatomy

The Blood Cell Family

Visual guide to all cells in your blood

Diagrammatic representation of all formed elements in blood: one large red blood cell (RBC), multiple small platelets, eosinophil with red granules, basophil with blue granules, neutrophil with multi-lobed nucleus, monocyte large with kidney-shaped nucleus, T lymphocyte small round, B lymphocyte small round
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RBCs are the most numerous (5 million per mm³). WBCs are fewer but powerful defenders. Platelets are the smallest - they're cell fragments, not complete cells. Each has a unique shape and job!