Protective Nutrients: Vitamins & Minerals

Identify the functions of specific vitamins and minerals, and correlate their deficiencies with specific diseases.

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The Mystery of the Bleeding Sailors

Story of scurvy on ships and the discovery of Vitamin C.

🍋 Did you know?
In 1746, sailors on long voyages often suffered from bleeding and swollen gums—a scary disease called scurvy. A Scottish physician named James Lind discovered that giving sailors lemons and oranges cured them! Today, we know scurvy is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C.
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What are Protective Nutrients?

Define vitamins and minerals and their overall role.

While carbohydrates and fats provide energy, vitamins and minerals play a different role: they are called protective nutrients.

They do not provide energy, but they protect our body from diseases, strengthen our bones, and keep our systems functioning smoothly.

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The Importance of Iodine

Explain iodine deficiency and goitre.

In the 1960s, Indian scientists noticed a widespread health issue in the Himalayan region and the Northern plains: many people had visible swelling at the front of their necks.

This condition is a disease called goitre, which is caused by a lack of the mineral iodine.

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The Deficiency Directory

A comprehensive chart of vitamins, minerals, and their deficiencies.

Vitamin A

  • Loss of vision
  • Poor night vision (night blindness)

Vitamin B1

  • Beriberi
  • Weak muscles, tingling in hands/feet

Vitamin C

  • Scurvy
  • Bleeding gums, slow healing wounds

Vitamin D

  • Rickets
  • Soft and bent bones

Calcium & Iron

  • Calcium: Bone and tooth decay
  • Iron: Anaemia (weakness, shortness of breath)

Iodine

  • Goitre
  • Swelling at the front of the neck
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Match the Deficiency

Match nutrients to their specific deficiency diseases.

NoteMatch the nutrient to the deficiency disease or symptom caused by its absence.
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Terms

Definitions

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Symptom Checker

Guess the nutrient based on a clinical symptom.

A patient has soft and bent bones. The doctor advises exposure to sunlight and drinking more milk. What nutrient are they lacking?

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