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Four Joins
Four connectors, four different shapes.
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Four fittings. They are not interchangeable.
Learner joins two clauses with a conjunction that matches the relationship, punctuating the join correctly.
Preview · progress not saved — Chapter 1 is free
Six joins. Two are already correct.
Technology is useful, and it creates problems. Does and fit?
Four relationships, one connector per join, and where the comma goes.
adding and
contrasting but · while · although
explaining because · since
resulting so
✗ Technology is useful, and it creates problems.
✓ Technology is useful, but it creates problems.
The wrong word misstates your argument.
Four connectors, four different shapes.
Four fittings. They are not interchangeable.
Ten connectors, four relationships.
Terms
Definitions
Ten pairs. Two are already joined correctly.
(contrasting) Technology is useful. It creates problems. → Technology is useful, it creates problems.
(explaining) The policy failed. The funding was poor. → The policy failed the funding was poor.
(resulting) It was expensive. We left. → It was expensive, we left.
(adding) Rents have risen. Wages have fallen. → Rents have risen, wages have fallen.
It is expensive, so we left. →
(contrasting) Costs rose. Wages stayed flat. → costs rose, wages stayed flat.
fix the doubled connector: Because it was expensive, so we left. →
fix the doubled connector: Although it is expensive, but people buy it. →
While costs rose, wages stayed flat. →
fix the connector: Our parliament is fractious where politicians shout like vendors. →
Continuous text, six joins. Two are sound.
City centres are changing fast. (1) Rents have doubled since 2015, and fewer small shops can afford to stay. (2) Because the rates are high, so many owners have simply closed. (3) The councils say they are helping, but the support arrives late. (4) Chains move in quickly, where the rents are highest. (5) Although residents complain, but nothing is done. (6) The centre looks busy, and it is emptier than it was.
Two sentences, and name the relationship in each.
Topic: living in a big city.
Sentence 1: join two ideas that pull against each other. Sentence 2: join two ideas where one explains the other.
Then say in the second box which joining word you used and why.
One per line.
One or two sentences.