Learner runs checks on their own text that do not depend on understanding it, because understanding is exactly what makes their own text look coherent to them.
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Why understanding defeats you, five physical acts, and what they miss.
You reconstruct the argument as you read, so every reference resolves and every gap fills itself.
The examiner has only the page.
The one reliable check — asking somebody else — is the one an exam does not allow.
Three worked checks on one essay.
CHECK 1 — circle the pointing words. P1 ends with this. Answer it in two words: Can you? This is the fault Sprint fixes.
CHECK 3 — first sentences only. P1 opens on library and bus closures. P2 opens on rents. Does P2's opening reach back to P1? This is the fault Sprint fixes.
CHECK 4 — first and last of each paragraph. P2 opens on rents rising since 2019 and closes on rents rising since 2019. Did the paragraph move? This is the fault Sprint fixes.
Five checks, four essays. One is clean.
A. P1 closes: The council cut services and raised fares. This was unpopular. Check 1 finds:
B. Every paragraph opens by naming something from the one before. One linking adverb per paragraph, each surviving the deletion test. Every paragraph ends somewhere its opening was not. The five checks find:
C. P2: However, cycling rates doubled. Moreover, injuries fell. Furthermore, air quality improved. In addition, noise dropped. Check 5 finds: Run check 2 on Moreover — does deleting it lose anything?
D. P1 opens: Fares block the lowest-paid. P2 opens: The city's museums are also underfunded. P3 opens: Returning to transport, a fare cap would help. Check 3 finds: Which paragraph is the problem?
Write it, run all five, report what each found.
Prompt: should city councils fund free wifi in public spaces?
Box 1: one body paragraph. Box 2: run all five checks and report what each found. Write clean where a check found nothing.
You are being marked on the accuracy of your own report as much as on the paragraph.
Four or five sentences.
Five lines.
Which one did you do fastest because you were sure?