Learner repairs paragraphs where nothing marks which move is missing, and produces a developed paragraph from a bare claim under no guidance.
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The chapter assembled, and the move you will skip.
1. How many claims are in this paragraph?
2. Does the reason say something the claim did not?
3. Is the mechanism on the page, with a person in it?
4. Does the last sentence add anything?
One first, because a paragraph with three claims cannot be repaired by adding mechanisms.
One tool that removes, three that add.

One tool removes. Three add. The order matters.
Four chains, unlabelled. Answer before repairing.
1. Public libraries matter. They are important for communities. They should be funded properly.
How many claims?
What is the repair?
2. Cycle lanes increase cycling, because more people cycle when lanes exist.
Does the reason say something new?
Write a real reason:
3. Free school meals improve concentration. Hunger affects attention. Test scores rise.
Is the mechanism on the page?
Write one:
4. Remote work cuts office costs. Space is the second largest cost most firms carry. A firm with half its staff at home renews a lease on half the floor. Therefore remote work cuts office costs.
Does the last sentence add anything?
Write a better close:
Three paragraphs. One is already developed.
A. Tourism damages historic cities. The number of visitors has grown quickly. This is a serious problem for residents.
Missing:
Write it:
B. Later opening hours help shift workers. Their working hours do not match standard opening times. A nurse finishing at eight finds the doors already locked, and the same nurse can use a library that stays open until ten. The people this reaches are the ones least likely to have used the service before.
Missing:
Write it:
C. Congestion charges reduce traffic. A charge adds a daily cost to every journey in. A driver compares that against a train fare, and for marginal journeys the comparison tips. Therefore traffic falls.
Missing:
Write it:
A bare claim, developed with no guidance.
Your claim: Cities should limit the number of new car parking spaces.
Write a full body paragraph developing it.
No guidance this time on which moves to use, or how many.
A full body paragraph.
Name the move you leave out most often.
Ten paragraphs with word counts that do not predict the answer.
Sort each item into the correct category