Soil Formation & Major Soils

The soil is a living system that takes millions of years to form, with its uppermost layer known as the . The layer just beneath the top soil is called the , which contains weathered rocks, sand, and silt clay. Below that is the consisting of weathered parent rock material. Resting at the very bottom of the soil profile is the unweathered parent . Beyond the profile layers, soils in India are classified into different types, such as the widely spread soil found in the northern plains. According to age, the older alluvial soil with a higher concentration of kanker nodules is known as . Conversely, the new alluvial soil, which is more fertile and has finer particles, is called . Another major classification is the soil, also known as regur, which is ideal for growing cotton.