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Learner names the kind and strength of an objection precisely, which is the vocabulary that discuss-both-views essays run on at Band 8.
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Six people object to the same proposal. One word covers all six, and it should not.
A hospital trust proposes to close a small unit and move its work to a larger site. Here is what six people did.
- She said she could support it if the transport was fixed first.
- He voted for it, and told a friend afterwards he had felt uneasy all week.
- She hesitated over signing, because it felt wrong to her rather than unworkable.
- He filed a formal response setting out three specific problems.
- She would not put her name to anything that closes a service, and never has.
- He has disliked centralisation his whole career, long before this proposal existed.
All six had "concerns". That is the only word most candidates have for the whole set, and it flattens six genuinely different things.
Eighteen situations, no vocabulary. Sort them by what happened to the objection, not by how strong it was.
Sort each item into the correct category
Three axes, six words, and the two prepositions that decide whether the sentence looks native.
Strength — how far it goes. Qualms are a hesitation. Aversion is settled and total.
Basis — whether the objection is about whether it works or whether it is right. Practical: reservations, objections. Moral: qualms, scruples. Misgivings can be either, and are often unexamined enough that the person could not say which.
Voicing — whether anyone else knows. Objections are voiced by definition — an unstated objection is not one. Misgivings are private by default; if they were said out loud you would probably have written reservations.
No word is defined by one axis alone. Reservations and objections are both practical and both voiced; what separates them is that reservations are partial — they name conditions under which you could agree — while objections are against.
Eight words, eight positions on the three axes. Match them, and notice which two are not about the proposal at all.
Terms
Definitions
Six situations. Pick the word that fits all three axes — and twice, find that you only know one of them.
For each situation, check all three axes before answering: how strong, what it rests on, and whether anyone else knows.
In two of the six you are given only one axis, and the plain word is therefore the precise one.
A councillor votes for a housing scheme, and tells a colleague afterwards that something about it had troubled her all month, though she could not say what. What did she have?
Three chains turning on basis and voicing — and once, on the fact that you know neither.
Chain 1
The situation: a surgeon declines to take part in a trial because she believes the consent process is not adequate. She says so, in writing, giving three reasons.
Candidates: misgivings / objections
Step 1 — Which axes are given to you here?
Step 2 — Therefore the expert writes: She raised formal the trial protocol.
Chain 2
The situation: a civil servant implements a policy she was asked to implement, does the job well, and privately never becomes comfortable with it. She never says so and could not fully explain it.
Candidates: reservations / misgivings
Step 1 — What rules out the other candidate?
Step 2 — Therefore the expert writes: She had lasting the policy.
Chain 3
The situation: your Task 2 paragraph says that many small business owners are unhappy about a new reporting requirement. You invented the business owners. You do not know whether they have said anything publicly, and you do not know whether their reasons are practical or moral.
Candidates: qualms / concerns
Step 1 — How many of the three axes do you actually know?
Step 2 — Therefore the expert writes: Many small business owners have the new requirement.