Student can trace the writer's argument flow by identifying signal words that indicate contrast, evidence, or conclusion.
Reorder mixed argument steps.
Drag the sentences into the correct logical order: Claim → Evidence → Contrast → Conclusion.
Teach how academic texts move.
IELTS Reading passages aren't just collections of random facts. They follow a specific, logical route—much like a GPS.
To find answers quickly and stop guessing, you must track how the writer builds their case, step by step. We call this the argument flow.
Gallery showing claim, support, counterpoint, conclusion.
Academic texts usually move from a central claim to an evidence-backed conclusion.
however, although, therefore, in contrast, consequently, despite.
Identify explaining, contrasting, criticising, concluding, giving evidence.
Read this sentence: 'Although the initial lab tests were highly successful, the long-term psychological effects of the treatment remain completely unknown.' What is the writer doing here?
AI explains the role of signal words.
'Vertical farming offers a highly efficient way to grow crops in dense urban areas, using up to 90% less water than traditional agriculture. Moreover, it entirely eliminates the need for harmful pesticides. However, the immense electricity required to power the artificial LED lighting means it is not yet an environmentally sustainable solution on a global scale.'
Identify the writer's initial argument.
Look for the word that changes the direction of the text.
Explain the contrasting point the writer uses to balance the argument.