The student applies the zero property, knows that subtraction order cannot be swapped, and subtracts round numbers mentally.
Preview · progress not saved — Chapter 1 is free
Subtracting zero leaves the number alone, and so does the answer 0.
When we subtract zero from a number, we get the number itself. For example, and .
This happens because taking away "nothing" leaves the original amount completely untouched.
Subtraction has no order property, and chains are worked left to right.
Unlike addition, subtraction has no order property. You cannot swap the numbers around!
For instance, equals , but is not the same thing. In everyday life, if you have zero apples in your bag, you can't take 7 away.
Five items from Worksheet 6, covering both shapes of blank.
When we subtract zero from a number, the number remains unchanged, so equals . If a number doesn't change after a subtraction is performed, we must have taken away zero, which means . To find what number we started with if we took away zero and got 732, the starting number must be . Similarly, if we see an equation like , the missing minuend is simply . Finally, if we start with nothing, we can only take away nothing to end up with nothing, so .
The same three steps as oral addition, run backwards.
We can subtract large round numbers instantly without writing them in columns. Let's look at .
Step 1: Check that the minuend () and subtrahend () have zeros in the same places—here, they are both in the tens place.
The two further examples from page 29.
Problem. Subtract the following mentally:
(i) from
(ii) from
Six items from Worksheet 7, covering every grouping.
We can quickly subtract numbers ending in zeros by focusing on the non-zero parts first. For tens, calculating gives us . Moving to hundreds, if we calculate , we subtract from and keep two zeros to get . For thousands, taking away from results in . When dealing with larger two-digit short parts, leaves us with exactly . Similarly, if you have and subtract , you are left with . Finally, is easily solved by thinking , giving a final answer of .