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From MP3s to Instagram filters
Your voice saying "hello" contains maybe 50 different frequencies mixed together.
MP3 compression: break the sound into frequencies, delete the ones you can't hear (above 20kHz, below 20Hz), keep the rest.
Result: 10% of original size, sounds identical.
The math behind this? Fourier decomposition โ the visualization above.
Think in frequencies for audio and images
You're building an audio equalizer. The 'bass boost' slider should amplify frequencies around 60-250 Hz. In terms of Fourier series, you're: