Identify and name common logical fallacies in written and spoken arguments.
Introduction to logical fallacies
Not every convincing argument is a logical one. A fallacy is a structural failure in reasoning—like a cardboard bridge that looks solid until you try to drive a truck across it.
In exams like CLAT or in your Class 12 essays, fallacies can make arguments sound persuasive while actually proving nothing. Recognizing them is the ultimate intellectual defense.
Visual metaphors

Visualizing logical fallacies helps expose their structural flaws.
Match scenarios to their corresponding fallacies
Terms
Definitions
Multiple choice questions identifying fallacies in context
A lifestyle influencer claims: 'Organic food is the healthiest choice because it is made of completely natural ingredients.' Which logical flaw is present here?
Analyze a short debate exchange for logical flaws
Speaker A: 'We should allocate 10% of the city budget to build a new metro line to reduce traffic.'
Speaker B: 'Either we build this metro and go completely bankrupt, or we don't build it and survive. Besides, Speaker A failed math in high school, so why should we trust their budget plans?'
Name the fallacy and briefly explain where it appears.
Name the second fallacy and briefly explain where it appears.
Self-explanation on the real-world utility of spotting fallacies